Steam Power And Co-Generation

The objective of this module is to present and discuss typical arrangements of plant systems and auxiliary equipment, all of which fulfil a specific function and need in power plant operation.

After completion of this module the participant should be able to understand and apply the following concepts in day-to-day operation:

• Typical arrangements of steam systems including main steam, reheat steam, extraction steam, and auxiliary steam.
• Procedure for warming and charging a steam line.
• Operation of steam line drains, and traps.
• Allowance for expansion in pipe routing and configuration.
• Applications of extraction steam.
• Routing of extraction steam line drains.
• Sources and applications of auxiliary steam.
• Pressure reducing stations and desuperheating stations.
• The function of the condensate and feedwater system.
• Addition of heat to condensate and feedwater.
• Pumping arrangements, i.e. condensate pump and boiler feedpump.
• Control of feedwater flow to boiler, i.e. variable speed drive or modulating feedwater control valve.
• Feedwater control valve arrangements.
• Feedwater pump recirculating line.
• Procedures for preparing a feedwater pump for stand-by service.
• Hotwell level control by make-up or overflow.
• Control of deaerator level.
• Function of the condensate fill pump (also known as boiler fill pump).
• Construction and operation of closed feedwater heaters.
• Venting arrangements from feedwater heaters.
• Routing and control of condensate drains from closed heaters.
• Protection against high-level condensate in feedwater heaters.
• The function and operation of the deaerator.
• Venting of pipework and equipment before start-up.
• Typical arrangements and characteristics of:

1. Closed circuit bearing cooling water system.
2. Circulating water (CW) systems.
3. Service water systems.
4. Fire protection systems.

• Auxiliary plant power supply bus arrangements.
• Sources of station service supply.
• Black start capability and capacity.
• Procedures for transfer of station service supply on unit trip.
• Typical arrangement for supply and application of DC power.
• UPS systems.